I would plant white spruce if deer were problems or if I wanted apples also I would plant a high density trellis system with a solar powered electric fence to protect them.
we’ve got white, red and black spruce here. spruce grouse and snowshoe hare eat them. norway spruce has been planted by lumber companies for its fast growth. if it wasnt for the voles, i could grow out seedlings here with no protection but im surrounded with old fields so no cover for deer. with the warming weather we are seeing deer numbers back to the early 90’s levels. im seeing deer in places that i havent seen since i was in my 20’s. great for hunters but they easily could become a nusicanse if not controlled.
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Silverberry (Eleagnus) also fixes nitrogen. There’s a variegated Silverberry that’s gorgeous. Gets big but doesn’t mind being cut back.
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