A trellis would be great if you had hundreds of apple trees. Commercial growers use trellising instead of stakes because of the cost savings. On the small scale, a properly built trellis would be much much more expensive than stakes.
If a trellis fails, every tree gets destroyed. If a stake fails, only one tree gets destroyed.
You can also build a hybrid model where the trellis only has one wire - at the top of the stakes. Stakes & Trellising is the best if you’ve got the time and money.
In summary, stakes are cheaper and easier on the small scale.