Nightshades toxity would be a better study. They impact far more people because they are eaten by most people regularly. A few night shades are potatoes, eggplant, tomatoes, and peppers. I love the flavor as much as the next person but I am careful how many i consume. Here is a good article New insights about Arthritis. My point is not to keep people from consuming nightshades rather be aware most food is poison so no study is needed. We also need to worry about mercury in fish http://americanpregnancy.org/pregnancy-health/mercury-levels-in-fish/ & Low Mercury and High Mercury Fishes - Consumer Reports Magazine. Here is a chart to indicate which fish to avoid https://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/Metals/ucm115644.htm. Apples might be avoided due to lead and arsenic (i eat them anyway) http://www.deq.state.va.us/Portals/0/DEQ/Land/RemediationPrograms/Brownfields/Weaver1-195-1-PB-8r.pdf & https://www.fda.gov/Food/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/ucm271595.htm. Beef and Pigs that eat GMO grain or gmo grain itself might be avoided for these same reasons (hard on the stomach) http://www.reuters.com/article/us-gmo-pigs-study/scientists-say-new-study-shows-pig-health-hurt-by-gmo-feed-idUSBRE95A14K20130611. Milk might be avoided also (due to the same logic) https://www.globalhealingcenter.com/natural-health/dangers-of-cows-milk/. I could go on but exactly what would a person eat if they avoid all of these things? Here is an article about nitrites in meats, cheeses etc. Nitrite (JECFA Food Additives Series 50). Bacon is considered at the top of the watch list for nitrites https://www.livescience.com/36057-truth-nitrites-lunch-meat-preservatives.html. I literally will not eat poultry that is factory farm raised and many people do eat it and seem relatively healthy https://www.alternet.org/food/7-horrifying-things-about-chicken-you-eat. Here are the 21 most dangerous foods http://www.businessinsider.com/the-most-dangerous-foods-in-the-world-2015-10 and pawpaw are not in the group and i’ve consumed 5 of the other things on the list as have most people. Pawpaw should be considered a superfood and like all foods be consumed in small quantity. To promote health I would look at this post Omega 3 & the link to vitamins and minerals from produce. You can find negatives about most all foods but you really need to look hard to find problems with the difficult to find and amazingly healthy pawpaw.
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