This link is up to date http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/A/ANR-0053-N/ANR-0053-N.pdf. It forces trees into production faster. I learned with cicada 17 year cicada's woke up hungry they girdled branches for me and many trees produced the following year and branches snapped off, fireblight Late season Fireblight was rampant for awhile etc…
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