It can work OK with pears, from my experience. I think @Barkslip said he’s done it, but I can’t be sure.
I think fresher wood should callous more readily, so a person would want to do anything that gives the cambium-to-cambium contact opportunity: special care to marry the pieces as well as possible, choosing methods that expose the most cambium, binding the pieces just so, and taking extra care to make sure they don’t dry out.
As far as stone fruit are concerned I’ve done OK grafting plum but really rotten on apricot, and that’s probably a temperature thing, so you might take a look at this:
Would using a bud from older wood work in chip budding? I suspect it would, but I don’t know.