The are the most hardy representatives of their botanical family and they like heat for sure but can tolerate coldness. But how cold?
I grow some in my greenhouse and the results are most impressive. The sheet of paper is 8.5 X 11. This specimen is a 3 year-old NC-1
But in natural growing conditions, the leave are much smaller:
Here a photo of a leaf of a 5 years (almost 6) NC-1 planted spring 2021. It got 3 flowers later on. It has resisted -32,3 C last winter (2021/2022) and got 8 flowers later on. At the time of blooming it was the sole pawpaw in my orchard. Now it has 5 neighbors (but 2 years younger than the NC-1 but of different varieties.
I read many times in different media (books, Internet, interviews) that pawpaws would not tolerate such brutal climate for such a long time but if they are old enough they really seem to be able to survive and prosper. The future looks good for people wanting to grow pawpaws but living close to the North Pole…
Marc