In order to discuss hybridizing fruit, i first want to discuss hybrid animals. The liger Liger - Wikipedia is much larger than a lion or a tiger. The obvious benefit is size unless one is after you.
The black sex link is a cross between pure breed of Barred Plymouth Rock hen and New Hampshire Red rooster or Rhode Island Red rooster
The benefit is you can sex the males from the females at an early age and sell off the males for butchering.
Finally we get to fruit and the reason i discuss this topic is the pros and cons to hybrizing plants and there are many pros and cons
" # 10 Must-Know Hybrid Fruits
Contributors: Libby Mills, MS, RDN, LDN
Published: April 23, 2019
Reviewed: March 19, 2019
bhofack2/iStock/Getty Images Plus/Getty Images
Tangor, ugli, jostaberry and pluot… these are just a few curiously named hybrid fruits found at the grocery store or farmers market. With bizarre names, hybrids might sound like weird science, but these fruits and their many cousins are more natural and familiar than you might think.
Hybrids don’t use genetically modified organism technology. Hybrids use traditional pollination that can ordinarily occur in nature. With controlled pollination, cultivars can breed new generations of fruiting plants with increasingly desirable characteristics.
Farmers benefit from hybridized fruit plants that are naturally disease resistant and hearty in heat, cold and drought — in addition to producing consistent, higher yields with predictable fruit maturation times. As a result, consumers benefit from unique, uniform fruit sizes and shapes, increased juiciness, improved taste and better nutrition.
Here are 10 hybrid fruits to add to your shopping list.
Tangor: A cross between a mandarin and an orange — the tangor may sound unfamiliar, but varieties such as murcott and temple have been hitting the produce department of local grocery stores.
Ugli : Botanically Citrus reticulata x paradisi, the “ugly” hybrid of a grapefruit, orange and tangerine, this tangelo from Jamaica reflects more sweet flavors from its tangerine ancestry rather than bitter grapefruit. Add uglis, halved or sectioned, to a salad with avocado, sweet onion, chicory and radicchio.
Jostaberry: Sweeter than its North American and European gooseberry and black currant parents, the jostaberry is a rich, almost black berry with grape, blueberry and kiwi flavors and packed with vitamin C.
Pluot: A Zaiger trademarked plum and apricot hybrid, it’s bred for smooth skin and super juicy, sweet flesh.
Baby Kiwi : The lineage of the baby kiwi traces back to fuzzy kiwifruit, also known as the Chinese gooseberry. With smooth skin that doesn’t need to be peeled, the typically berry-sized baby kiwi can vary in size, shape, color and taste between producers.
Tayberry : A cross between a red raspberry and blackberry, the tayberry looks like an elongated raspberry with tart flavor.
Limequat : This ripe key lime and kumquat hybrid resembles a miniature oval orange with greenish-yellow skin. In season from mid-fall to winter, limequats — with their tart key lime flavor— can be eaten whole, in jams or accompanying fish or chicken.
Pineberry: A novel cross between white strawberries from Southern Europe and cultivated red strawberries produce this pineapple-flavored berry, typically available early May through June.
Orangelo: This hybrid, believed to be of Puerto Rican origin, is a cross between a grapefruit and an orange, and is sweeter and more vivid than its grapefruit parent, however, eaten in much the same way."
https://www.farmprogress.com/corn/hybrid-seed-corn-basics
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Hybrid seed corn basics
Check out this refresher on how two inbreds produce high-yielding corn with hybrid vigor.
January 10, 2022
3 Min Read
REMOVING STRAY PLANTS: A person with a bean hook in hand walks through a field of seed corn in Bartholomew County, Ind., looking for rogues to cut out so they don’t contaminate the field. JACOB KESSENS
Anyone driving in Indiana sees acres of corn every summer. However, few outside agriculture realize that most of the corn is not corn that will be planted again the following year.
In fact, some within agriculture may not realize all the inputs that go into creating hybrid seed corn.
Helping consumers understand how their food is produced is becoming increasingly important. Here’s a refresher about the basics of producing hybrid seed:
What is hybrid seed corn? Plant breeders say hybrid seed corn is the offspring of two pure genetic lines of corn, also known as inbred parents. The notion of corn having offspring and talk of genetic lines may seem odd. But this is something that researchers have put significant time and effort into over the last century.
Before hybrid seed corn, farmers would keep ears of corn that looked the best so they could use them to plant the next spring, according to Bob Nielsen, Extension corn specialist at Purdue University. He trained as a corn breeder before entering Extension.
“Such selection is a form of plant breeding that slowly resulted in better varieties over time, but it was an inefficient strategy to improve genetics,” Nielsen says.
What is hybrid vigor? Researchers discovered that if you purposefully self-pollinated plants, saved the seed from that pollination and repeated the process for many years, the result was a pure genetic strain of corn, which they labeled as an inbred, Nielsen explains.
Depending on the variety you started with, you could create different pure genetic strains of corn.
These early plant breeders discovered that hybrid plants that grew from the seed produced by cross-pollinating two inbreds were not only stronger and yielded more grain than the pure inbred lines, but they were also better yielding than most open-pollinated varieties. Beginning in the late 1930s, American farmers began to quickly adopt this new and improved genetic technology.
What is detasseling? Growing hybrid seed corn starts with female rows and male rows. The female rows are planted in between pollinating male rows. If the corn is fertile, meaning that it can pollinate, it must be detasseled to prevent self-pollinating. The goal is for the “male” inbred parent line to be the only source of pollen in a field of seed corn.
Only seed from the female parent is harvested to be sold as seed corn. Male rows are either destroyed after pollination is finished or are harvested separately, Nielsen says.
What is rogueing? Rogueing is different from detasseling. It refers to removal of “off types” or volunteer corn from the previous year’s production in the seed field before pollen begins to drop from male rows. The most common visible criteria used to rogue seed fields is simply searching for and removing plants that are clearly taller or otherwise look much different from the inbred parent plants. Those are likely stray hybrid plants that could contaminate the pollination process.
Why is hybrid seed corn important? Without these advancements in seed genetics, farmers would not have plants with stronger yields and overall vitality. Plant breeders are continually creating hybrids that are more resistant to drought, yield higher and take less time to mature.
Kessens is a senior in agricultural communications at Purdue University."
There are many reasons to hybridize thingss like corn, why would i not do that might be the question
There is something known as hybrid vigor which is to say when species cross frequently the offspring are stronger or more adaptive than either. A coywolf is one such example . There are grizzly and polar bears crossing now. Imagine a large polar bear that can handle more heat.
Things are evolving in front of our eyes
The reason i bring up the liger is because certain combinations of hybrid fruits are much larger as a result of the cross. Some are better tasting and heavier producing like the douglas pear. It breaks branches nearly every year. We can see why superior nutrition and selective breeding did for the catss of Australia. The offspring of wolf river will like the black sex link give an expeected result. The way we find out is we must make the crosses and that takes time and patience.
